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Antibacterial activity of Caraway essential oil against bacteria isolated from veterinary clinical cases

Bhoj R.Singh, R.K.Agarwal, K.P.Singh, A.M.Pawde, D.K.Sinha, Sakshi Dubey, Monika Bhardwaj, Prasannavadhana

Of the 257 strains of bacteria belonging to 75 species of 30 genera isolated from morbid or post-mortem samples of animals, fish, birds and human beings only 15 strains were sensitive to 2 mg discs of caraway essential oil (CEO). Fifteen CEO sensitive strains belonged to 13 species of bacteria namely Bacillus cereus, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Brucella abortus, Dermatophilus congolensis, Erwinia ananas, Escherichia coli, Moraxella canis, Moraxella osloensis, Pasteurella multocida, Proteus penneri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Raoultella terrigena and Streptococcus pyogenes. The MIC of CEO for all resistant strains was more than 2.0 mg/ mL while MIC of sensitive strains ranged between 0.20 mg/ mL to 2mg/ mL, minimum for M. osloensis (0.20 mg/ mL) strains. The study revealed only limited antimicrobial activity against clinically important bacteria causing disease or death. The antibacterial activity of CEO was more prominent for some of the strains of high zoonotic significance viz., Brucella abortus, Burkholderia mallei and Bordetella bronchiseptica which might be important in designing antimicrobials for their therapeutic control.