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Applications of tris (2,2--bipyridyl)ruthenium-based electrochemiluminescence luminophores in biological analysis field

Zhigang Zhang, DiGuo, LinjiuXiao, Huafeng Zhou, LeiDu

This paper reviewed the applications of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) involving tris(2,2ï‚¢- bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) {[Ru(bpy)3]2+} in biological analysis field and reported the progress of the research in the [Ru(bpy)3]2+-related ECL. [Ru(bpy)3]2+ was widely used in the biological analysis field related to ECLsuchas foodanddrugtesting, environmentalmonitoring, medical diagnosis, drugmetabolismresearch, immunoassay,DNAdetection, and forensic investigations. TheECLof [Ru(bpy)3]2+ has been coupledwith different separationtechniques suchashighperformance liquid chromatography, capillaryelectrophoresis, flow injection analysis, andmicrochip electrophoresis for simultaneous detection ofmultiple analytes.The fabrica-tion of electrodes of newmaterials and newstructure such as film-coatedelectrodes, carbon electrodes, complex oxides electrodes, and composite-coated electrodes significantly improved the performance of the [Ru(bpy)3]2+-relatedECL.Throughthemodification of biosensor, various substances have been detected efficientlyby[ Ru(bpy)3]2+-relatedECLtechnique.The utilizationof [Ru(bpy)3]2+ derivatives andsolid-phase electrodes in ECLdetectionmade considerable progress.