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Green Synthesis of Biodiesel from Various Vegetable Oil and Characterisation by Ft-IR Spectroscopy

P. V. Tekade, O. A. Mahodaya, G. R. Khandeshwar and B. D. Joshi

Vegetable oil is a renewable starting material as it is derived from growing plants, rather than irreplaceable material like the earth’s petroleum and natural gas supplies. We have performed experiments, for the synthesis of biodiesel from different vegetable oils such as soybean oil, groundnut oil, mustard oil, sesame oil, coconut oil and jawas oil. Biodiesel is methyl or ethyl ester of vegetable oil. Confirmation of the biodiesel was done on FT-IR spectrometer. The IR value ranges from 1741 to 1743 cm-1, which clearly indicates carbonyl group of ester in biodiesel. Boiling point of biodiesel was determined in open capillary. The byproduct glycerol i.e. (propane 1, 2, 3 triol) was also confirmed by special tests. The reaction is catalyzed by NaOH making this process economically viable for the industrial scale production of biodiesel. Biodiesel is an excellent product as it is environmentally friendly. These experiments demonstrate the key principles of green chemistry.