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Hyperlipidemia - Prevalence and Prediction of Risk for Coronary Heart Disease in a South Indian Population

Vasantha Janardhan, Kannan Gopal, Vanitha Rani, Thennarasu Palani and Uma Maheswara Reddy Chekkalz

Hyperlipidemia is one of the major risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD); amajor leading cause ofmortality and thus the study of prevalence of hyperlipidemia and the risk prediction for coronary heart disease were important and timely. Aprospective study was carried out in 397 subjects who registered for Master Health Check-Up program in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Therewere 245 males (mean age 49.59±12.81) and 152 females (mean age 49.13 ± 10.60). The incidence of hyperlipidemia was determined as per NCEPATP III guidelines. The prevalence of abnormal serum lipid levels was more prominent in the age group of 40-59 years in both the sexes. High levels of triglycerides were identified in 41.5%, LDL- cholesterol levels in 7.45%, where as 32.9% had high levels and total cholesterol levels in 10.57%. HDL- cholesterol levelswere found to be lowin 34.35%. The 10-year risk prediction for coronary artery disease was done using Coronary risk prediction algorithm using Total cholesterol and LDL-C levels. Based on LDL levels, 59% of the study population had <10%risk, 28% were in the 10-20% risk category and 13% had >20% risk. Based on total cholesterol levels, 57 % had <10% risk.31 % were under 10-20% risk category and 12% had >20% risk. The study concluded that early detection and treatment of hyperlipidemiamay reduce the risk of development of CHD.