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Serious drug toxidermia : a retrospective study

Belamalem Souad, El Khabbazi Houda, SoulaymaniAbdelmajid, KhadmaouiAbderazzak,Mokhtari Abdelghani, Benkirane Rajae, Soulaymani BencheikhRachida

The objective of this work is to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of serious drug toxidermia. This is a retrospective study of 220 cases of serious drug toxidermia notified to the National center of pharmaovigilance of Morocco between 2010 and 2012. These toxidermia were registered with an average of 73 ± 27.17 cases /year. The average age of patients was 39 ± 1.62 years and the sex ratio (F / M) was 1.54. Adults aged between 16 and 69 years are most affected (78%). The most observed toxidermia are usually Rash with 26.5% of cases, with 11.1%Erythematous Rash, Stevens Johnson syndrome (8.9%),Acute Generalized exanthematous Pustulosis (6.8%). The mean time to onset of toxidermia was 15 ± 3.6 days and in 76% of cases, patients were hospitalized. The most drugs are involved: Antibacterials for Systemic Use (18.1%), Antimycobacterials-Antituberculosis (15.1%), Antipyretic / Analgesics (6.6%). The WHO causal relationship between taking the drug and the onset of the adverse reaction, accountability was 69% of probable cases, 11% of possible cases, certain 11% of cases and 9% unclassified cases. The outcome was favorable in 82% of cases, 1% of cases recovered with sequelae, 12% of unknown cases and 5% died.